What does the observed color of a nearby red galaxy typically reveal, compared to a very distant one?

Answer

It primarily indicates information about stellar evolution and surface temperature.

The color of a nearby galaxy reveals its intrinsic properties, like stellar surface temperature (cooler stars look red), whereas the color of a very distant galaxy primarily reveals the extent of cosmological expansion since the light was emitted.

What does the observed color of a nearby red galaxy typically reveal, compared to a very distant one?

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