What specific interaction dictates the precise timing and magnitude of tidal flexing experienced by Io?
Answer
The orbital resonance between Io, Europa, and Ganymede.
The efficiency and character of tidal heating are deeply tied to complex orbital dynamics within multi-moon systems. For Io, the precise input of tidal energy is not merely a function of its distance from Jupiter, but is dictated by the specific orbital resonance it maintains with its inner neighbors, Europa and Ganymede. This synchronized motion ensures that Jupiter's gravitational tug arrives at specific, reinforcing intervals, maximizing the magnitude of the tidal flexing and leading directly to the extreme energy dissipation that fuels Io's continuous, vigorous volcanism.
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