What two primary components are yielded by electrolysis of water ice for propulsion needs?
Answer
Breathable oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2)
The process of electrolysis, when applied to mined lunar water ($ ext{H}_2 ext{O}$), involves splitting the molecule into its constituent elements. This chemical separation yields breathable oxygen ($ ext{O}_2$), which is essential for astronaut survival, and hydrogen ($ ext{H}_2$). Crucially, oxygen and hydrogen together form the core components necessary for manufacturing cryogenic rocket propellant. This capability allows for the creation of a fuel depot on the Moon, eliminating the massive cost and logistical burden of launching all necessary propellant mass out of Earth's deep gravity well for missions targeting Mars or farther destinations.
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