What depth-to-diameter ratio range characterizes Tycho and other large, complex impact structures?
Answer
1/15 to 1/25
Scientists categorize crater morphology using the depth-to-diameter ratio, and for large, complex craters such as Tycho, Copernicus, and Aristarchus, this ratio typically falls within the range of 1/15 to 1/25. This specific ratio indicates that the crater is surprisingly shallow when compared to its immense width, which is approximately 85 kilometers. For example, using the established dimensions (4.8 km depth / 85 km diameter), the resulting ratio is about 1/17.7, confirming its placement within the characteristic range for complex impacts. This contrasts sharply with smaller, fresher craters (< 20 km), which can approach a ratio of 1/4, making them proportionally much deeper, akin to a soup bowl shape.

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