What concept did Claudius Ptolemy's model firmly establish as the universe's center?
Answer
The Earth as stationary.
The culmination of the abstract, geometric reasoning developed by astronomers like those in ancient Greece resulted in Ptolemy’s comprehensive system. This model served as the dominant view for over a millennium because it was mathematically rigorous in its predictions, despite being fundamentally incorrect about the cosmos's structure. Ptolemy firmly established the prevailing cosmological view that positioned the Earth as the stationary, unmoving center point of the entire universe, with all other celestial bodies, including the Sun, Moon, and planets, revolving around it.

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