For what duration was the official primary mission set for both Spirit and Opportunity in Martian sols?
Answer
90 Martian sols.
The initial operational window established for both robotic geologists was a strictly defined, short-term assignment. The official primary mission duration for both Spirit and Opportunity was set for only 90 Martian sols, which equates to roughly three Earth months. Engineers designed and built the complex electronic and mechanical systems to function reliably for this limited time, banking on only a small statistical probability of extended operation. Successfully meeting the scientific checklist within this 90-sol window was the benchmark for validating the entire expensive exploration program, although both rovers vastly exceeded this initial operational goal.
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