What state is achieved when the immense outward pressure generated by core fusion perfectly balances the inward gravitational collapse of a star?
Answer
Hydrostatic equilibrium
For a star to settle into its long-lived stable phase, known as the main sequence, the forces acting upon it must be perfectly balanced. Gravity constantly tries to compress the star inward due to its massive self-weight. Conversely, the energy released by sustained thermonuclear fusion occurring in the core generates immense thermal and radiation pressure pushing outward. When these two opposing forces—the inward pull of gravity and the outward push of internal pressure—achieve a perfect, sustainable balance, the star enters hydrostatic equilibrium. This stable state marks the official beginning of its main sequence lifetime.
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