What approximate core temperature must a collapsing star reach to initiate sustained thermonuclear fusion, converting hydrogen into helium?

Answer

Approximately 15 million Kelvin

The defining moment in a star's life is when it transitions from being an object powered by gravitational collapse to a true, self-luminous star. This transition occurs when the temperature and pressure within the stellar core become high enough to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between hydrogen nuclei, allowing them to fuse together to form helium. The critical ignition point for this sustained thermonuclear fusion, specifically the proton-proton chain that powers Sun-like stars, is established at a core temperature of roughly 15 million Kelvin. Once this massive energy generation begins, the resulting enormous outward pressure finally counteracts the inward force of gravity, establishing hydrostatic equilibrium.

What approximate core temperature must a collapsing star reach to initiate sustained thermonuclear fusion, converting hydrogen into helium?

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