Which early 17th-century astronomer was key in systematically tracking sunspots to document solar rotation?
Answer
Galileo Galilei
The initial, foundational proof that the Sun rotates on its axis was established through systematic visual observation by early astronomers. Specifically, Galileo Galilei, working in the early 17th century, was instrumental in this discovery. He diligently documented the movement of sunspots across the solar disk over time. This methodical charting provided the first undeniable evidence that the Sun was not a static celestial body but was actively turning. By meticulously recording the passage and reappearance of these temporary features, Galileo provided the empirical data necessary to transition the understanding of solar motion from speculation to verified fact.
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