What system typically supplies the substantial electrical power needed for deep-space ion thrusters, like those on the Dawn spacecraft?

Answer

Very large, dedicated solar arrays

Missions operating far from the sun or requiring continuous operation rely on massive solar arrays designed to capture enough sunlight to run the high-power electrical acceleration system for months or years.

What system typically supplies the substantial electrical power needed for deep-space ion thrusters, like those on the Dawn spacecraft?

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