What specific type of star was essential for Hubble to calculate the distances to spiral nebulae?

Answer

Cepheid variables.

Hubble identified Cepheid variable stars within the nebulae. Because Henrietta Leavitt had established the relationship between their period and intrinsic luminosity, measuring their period allowed astronomers to accurately determine their distance.

What specific type of star was essential for Hubble to calculate the distances to spiral nebulae?
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