What secondary factor, related to the star's composition, can subtly influence whether it avoids a black hole formation?

Answer

Chemical composition

The presence of heavier elements ('metals') affects how efficiently a star can shed mass during its giant phases; a star that sheds more mass might fall below a critical threshold just before final collapse, altering its final remnant.

What secondary factor, related to the star's composition, can subtly influence whether it avoids a black hole formation?

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