What is the approximate minimum temperature that can be reached within the deep shadows of lunar PSRs?

Answer

Below $-230^ ext{ Celsius}$ (or about $43 ext{ Kelvin}$)

The near-perpetual darkness found within the Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) leads to extremely cold, stable thermal environments. Temperatures in these shadowed depressions can plummet to exceptionally low values, dropping below $-230^ ext{ Celsius}$. In Kelvin measurements, this is specified as being around $43 ext{ Kelvin}$. This profound cold is maintained because the lack of direct solar input, combined with the insulating properties of the surrounding regolith and the stable shadows cast by crater rims, creates an environment akin to a deep-freeze storage locker. This frigid temperature is crucial for preserving the embedded water ice over eons.

What is the approximate minimum temperature that can be reached within the deep shadows of lunar PSRs?

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