What condition must have been present billions of years ago to allow liquid water to remain stable on the Martian surface?

Answer

A much thicker atmosphere capable of trapping heat

The current Martian environment is too cold and has too low pressure for liquid water to persist; therefore, ancient stability required an atmosphere thick enough to retain heat and maintain water in its liquid phase.

What condition must have been present billions of years ago to allow liquid water to remain stable on the Martian surface?

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