How does the distance Polaris moves relative to a bright star like Sirius during an evening observation?
Sirius travels a significant arc while Polaris remains stubbornly close to its initial location
The primary navigational value of Polaris stems from its relative stability compared to nearly every other visible star. When observing stars far from the North Celestial Pole, such as Sirius in Canis Major, over several hours, these objects trace wide, noticeable arcs across the sky as the Earth rotates, visibly changing their altitude and azimuth. In sharp contrast, because Polaris is situated so close to the pivot point (the NCP), its movement is minimal—only tracing a tiny circle slightly larger than the Moon's diameter. This minimal drift means that over a typical observation period, Sirius will have covered a vast angular distance while Polaris will have barely shifted from its original spot.

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