For both visual and spectroscopic methods, what ultimately dictates the precision of the final calculated stellar mass?

Answer

The precision with which the orbital period ($P$), the semi-major axis ($a$), or the radial velocity ($v$) can be measured.

The precision of the final mass calculation is fundamentally limited by the precision achieved in measuring the core observational parameters: the orbital period, the physical separation, or the line-of-sight velocity.

For both visual and spectroscopic methods, what ultimately dictates the precision of the final calculated stellar mass?
measurementAstronomerstarmassbinary star system