Which later American astronomer discovered the fifth Jovian satellite, Amalthea, in 1892?
Answer
E.E. Barnard
The initial count of four moons observed by Galileo stood for centuries until the discovery of the fifth moon, Amalthea, in 1892 by the American astronomer E.E. Barnard. Amalthea is noteworthy because it orbits much closer to Jupiter than Io and is far smaller than the Galilean four. Historically, Barnard's finding is also significant because it is recorded as the last solar system satellite discovered solely through direct visual observation; all subsequent discoveries of Jupiter's increasing roster of satellites have relied on photographic or digital imaging techniques.
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