What existing astronomical model was directly challenged by the observation that celestial bodies did not orbit Earth?

Answer

The Ptolemaic system

The discovery provided concrete evidence against the widely accepted Ptolemaic system, which held that everything in the heavens orbited the Earth.

What existing astronomical model was directly challenged by the observation that celestial bodies did not orbit Earth?

#Videos

Why Was Galileo's Discovery Of Jupiter's Moons So Groundbreaking?

discoveryastronomytelescopeJupiterGalilean moons