What percentage of Earth's gravitational pull does Mars possess, significantly impacting long-term development?
Answer
About 38%
Mars exerts a gravitational force substantially weaker than Earth, measuring approximately 38% of Earth's gravity. This reduction from the standard $1g$ environment is not trivial when considering biological development over long periods, such as a nine-month gestation or childhood development spanning years. Scientists must account for how this reduced force influences foundational biological structures, including the formation of the inner ear, the density of the skeletal structure, and the calibration of the cardiovascular system, which evolved under terrestrial $1g$ conditions.
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