What major biological response within the central nervous system is initiated by radiation exposure from heavy ions?
Answer
Neuroinflammation involving the activation of immune cells in the brain
A primary cascade initiated by space radiation exposure, particularly from heavy ions, involves triggering inflammatory responses within the brain. This process is termed neuroinflammation, which signifies the activation of the brain's resident immune cells. This sustained inflammatory state is considered a key mechanism linking the physical radiation exposure to potential long-term cognitive decline. The activation of these immune cells, such as microglia, can persist, suggesting a fundamental alteration in brain signaling pathways rather than just a temporary shock to the system.
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