health articles
For Mars missions, what radiation component becomes the dominant concern past the Van Allen belts?
What phenomenon results when highly penetrating GCR heavy ions strike biological tissue unevenly?
What major biological response within the central nervous system is initiated by radiation exposure from heavy ions?
Damage to what specific brain function, essential for learning and memory, involves changes in connections between neurons and support cells like glia?
Which set of astronaut functions relies on an intact frontal cortex and hippocampus and may suffer cognitive impairment from radiation?
What types of countermeasures are required to address physical radiation exposure versus psychological challenges like isolation?
Protons, helium nuclei, and what other particles comprise the high-energy atomic nuclei known as Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs)?
What type of radiation are thicker hull materials (passive shielding) proven highly effective against but significantly less effective against GCR heavy ions?
How does the radiation exposure profile during long-duration space travel fundamentally differ from terrestrial radiation therapy regarding dose rate?
Persistent changes in which resident immune cells of the central nervous system are observed as a sustained inflammatory state linked to cognitive decline?
What percentage of its dry weight does spirulina protein content sometimes reach?
How does photosynthetic spirulina act as a component of the biological air revitalization system?
What role is spirulina designated to play regarding calorie sources for long missions?
What is the scientific name for the blue-green algae known as spirulina?
What processing method is critical for spirulina powder storage to prevent microbial contamination over long periods?
Besides biomass production, what dual psychological benefit does cultivating spirulina offer the crew?
How is the intense taste profile of processed spirulina often described?
How can efficiencies gained from growing spirulina for astronauts translate to benefits on Earth?
Why do astronauts require significantly more energy than sedentary people on Earth regarding spirulina consumption?
Which ancient civilization provides historical context for humans depending on algae for sustenance?
What are cosmic rays primarily composed of?
Where do the primary cosmic ray particles originate from?
What protects Earth by deflecting the majority of charged primary cosmic ray particles?
What happens when primary cosmic rays collide with the atmosphere?
If a regular, ground-level cosmic ray passes through a person, what sensation would be felt?
What causes astronauts outside a spacecraft to occasionally perceive a brief flash of light?
How much energy did the
What is the primary hazard associated with the cascade effect of an Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) hitting tissue?
How does the radiation dose rate for an astronaut on the International Space Station compare to that on Earth's surface?