What is the observable characteristic of a protostar, distinguishing it from a main-sequence star?

Answer

It is hot enough to emit infrared radiation but lacks sustained nuclear fusion

A protostar is a contracting object in the core that glows faintly due to compression and emits infrared radiation, but it has not yet reached the necessary core temperature for sustained hydrogen fusion.

What is the observable characteristic of a protostar, distinguishing it from a main-sequence star?
Spaceastronomystarsformationstar formationastrophysicsnebulaebirthplacestellar birth