What is the formal title for space travelers trained by Roscosmos or the Soviet space program?
Answer
Cosmonauts
The designation Cosmonaut is specifically reserved for individuals selected and trained by the Russian Federal Space Agency or its predecessor, the Soviet space program. This term is a direct equivalent to the American 'astronaut' and the Chinese 'taikonaut,' serving to differentiate space travelers based on their national origin and the agency sponsoring their training. While all are broadly space travelers, the formal title carries significant national and historical context within international space collaboration.

Related Questions
What is the formal title for space travelers trained by Roscosmos or the Soviet space program?What title designates personnel trained by China's space program?What is the designation for a selected but not yet fully qualified NASA trainee?What was the primary historical responsibility of the NASA Pilot during the Space Shuttle era?What core activities define the role of a NASA Mission Specialist?Who are Payload Specialists typically brought aboard a spacecraft to operate?On modern long-duration missions like the ISS, what often happens to the explicit 'Pilot' title?What competency is now expected of virtually every NASA astronaut, even if designated Mission Specialist?Which NASA crew role carries responsibility for the overall mission and the crew?What background is often crucial for the path to becoming a NASA Pilot or Commander?