On modern long-duration missions like the ISS, what often happens to the explicit 'Pilot' title?
It is often covered under Commander/Flight Engineer/Mission Specialist roles focused on station operations.
As spacecraft design has evolved, especially for long-duration orbital platforms like the International Space Station (ISS), the rigid separation of duties seen in earlier programs (like Apollo or the Space Shuttle) has diminished. The functional necessity for a dedicated Pilot role for manual control during orbital operations is less pronounced. Consequently, the responsibilities traditionally assigned to a Pilot—system management and operational control—are integrated into the broader skill sets of the Commander, Flight Engineer, or Mission Specialist, leading to a less frequent explicit titling of 'Pilot' on the manifest for ISS crews.
