Which stage in the simplified progression model requires analysis on Earth to definitively confirm or deny life?

Answer

Stage 4: Biologic Proof

Stage 4, achieving Biologic Proof by ruling out abiotic origins, is pending because it requires complex, multi-stage laboratory analyses that the rover’s current instruments cannot perform.

Which stage in the simplified progression model requires analysis on Earth to definitively confirm or deny life?
MarsNASARoverlifespace explorationPerseverance