Which private vehicle did NASA select as the Human Landing System (HLS) for the Artemis III mission?
Starship.
The selection of the Human Landing System (HLS) for the Artemis III mission serves as a primary example of the deep partnership between NASA and private industry. NASA specifically chose SpaceX’s Starship vehicle to perform the critical function of landing astronauts on the lunar surface. This decision signifies that NASA views Starship not as a direct competitor to be defeated, but rather as an essential piece of technology and infrastructure necessary for NASA to successfully achieve its publicly stated goal of returning humans to the Moon. This integration leverages the private sector's agility into the government's exploration roadmap.

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