Which parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are aggressively absorbed or distorted by Earth’s atmosphere?
Answer
Ultraviolet and infrared
Earth's atmosphere, while essential for sustaining life, presents a major limitation for astronomical observation, particularly in certain spectral regions. The atmosphere aggressively absorbs or distorts electromagnetic radiation falling within the ultraviolet (UV) range, preventing clear study from the ground. Similarly, significant portions of the infrared spectrum are also blocked or smeared by atmospheric gases and water vapor. By orbiting the planet, the Hubble Space Telescope bypasses these terrestrial limitations, allowing its primary mirror to gather high-quality light across these sensitive wavelengths.
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