What observational phenomena are launched perpendicular to the accretion disk to manage excess angular momentum?

Answer

Bipolar outflows and jets

A star forming through accretion must shed excess angular momentum brought in by the infalling matter to continue drawing in material. The mechanism for this shedding often involves the creation of powerful, collimated streams of material known as bipolar outflows or jets. These energetic streams are launched almost exactly perpendicular to the plane of the accretion disk, effectively channeling away the unwanted rotational energy away from the central stellar object. These jets can reach immense speeds, often hundreds of kilometers per second. The detection of these opposing, highly energetic streams carving out lobes or cavities in the surrounding molecular cloud material offers unambiguous proof that the young stellar object is actively accreting mass and simultaneously managing its rotational inertia.

What observational phenomena are launched perpendicular to the accretion disk to manage excess angular momentum?

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