What crucial type of proof did Galileo's discovery offer to support the heliocentric theory?

Answer

Direct, repeatable, visual evidence

While Copernicus had proposed heliocentrism earlier based on mathematical elegance, Galileo provided the crucial empirical evidence: direct, repeatable visual confirmation that an orbiting system could exist without the Earth at its center.

What crucial type of proof did Galileo's discovery offer to support the heliocentric theory?
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