What class of ancient star poses a considerable observational challenge for identifying Dark Stars?

Answer

First-generation, metal-free star (Population III star)

Distinguishing a Dark Star from other ancient stellar remnants is difficult because the early universe produced stars with very few heavy elements. The Population III stars, being the first generation formed solely from primordial hydrogen and helium, share the characteristic of extreme age with Dark Stars. Astronomers must carefully analyze spectral data, as both types represent objects existing before significant elemental enrichment occurred. The key differentiation lies in the mechanism of energy generation; a Population III star operates via standard fusion (even if very massive), whereas a Dark Star's light signature should reflect its internal dark matter annihilation, potentially showing spectral features inconsistent with sustained core hydrogen burning.

What class of ancient star poses a considerable observational challenge for identifying Dark Stars?

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