What celestial bodies are classified below the $0.075 M_{\odot}$ mass limit, failing stable hydrogen fusion?

Answer

Brown dwarfs

The threshold for being classified as a true star—one capable of sustaining core hydrogen fusion—is astronomically set around $0.075$ solar masses ($M_{\odot}$). Any object falling below this mass constraint fails to generate the necessary core pressure and temperature to maintain this standard fusion process. These substellar objects are categorized as brown dwarfs. While they are more massive than planets and can sometimes briefly fuse deuterium, they cannot stabilize hydrogen burning, causing them to slowly cool and fade, distinguishing them fundamentally from main-sequence stars.

What celestial bodies are classified below the $0.075 M_{\odot}$ mass limit, failing stable hydrogen fusion?

#Videos

The Smallest Stars in the Universe - Red Dwarfs - YouTube

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