How do ablative heat shields, like those on Soyuz and Crew Dragon, protect the crew compartment?

Answer

They are designed to slowly burn away, carrying the intense heat safely away as the material vaporizes

Ablative shields are designed so that the material slowly burns away and vaporizes, carrying the intense heat generated during atmospheric entry safely away from the crew compartment.

How do ablative heat shields, like those on Soyuz and Crew Dragon, protect the crew compartment?

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