What term is used to describe the effect where dust absorbs and scatters light from stars located behind it?

Answer

Extinction or reddening

The process where dust efficiently absorbs and scatters the visible light emitted by stars situated behind it is known scientifically as extinction or reddening.

What term is used to describe the effect where dust absorbs and scatters light from stars located behind it?
astronomyspiral galaxygasdust