What orbital dynamic factor, determined by the object's path relative to Earth, drastically impacts ablation and survival chances?

Answer

Relative velocity

The speed at which an object encounters Earth, influenced by orbital dynamics like eccentricity or inclination, dictates the intensity of heating, which in turn affects whether it burns up or survives as a meteorite.

What orbital dynamic factor, determined by the object's path relative to Earth, drastically impacts ablation and survival chances?
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