What must a new cosmonaut trainee become proficient in regarding the US segment of the ISS?

Answer

Systems of the US Orbital Segment (USOS)

Due to the profound level of cooperation required to operate the International Space Station (ISS), modern training mandates cross-cultural and cross-system proficiency for both astronaut and cosmonaut candidates. A new cosmonaut trainee, even if they undergo primary survival and flight training in Russia, must dedicate significant time to mastering the operational paradigm of the opposing system. This specifically involves becoming proficient in the systems managed by NASA and its partners within the US Orbital Segment (USOS), including complex robotics and life support infrastructure, necessitating functional bilingual fluency in operational procedures.

What must a new cosmonaut trainee become proficient in regarding the US segment of the ISS?

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