What celestial constraint dictates that Venus can never be seen high in the sky at midnight?

Answer

It is geometrically tethered to the Sun's position

As an inferior planet, Venus's visibility is always constrained to appearing low in the east before sunrise or low in the west after sunset, never appearing high overhead when the Sun is on the opposite side of the Earth.

What celestial constraint dictates that Venus can never be seen high in the sky at midnight?

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How to Find the Planets in the Night Sky - YouTube

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