How do the geometric considerations ($B imes N$) of an infinite, static universe resolve the paradox mathematically?

Answer

The number of stars increases proportionally with the volume ($N imes d^3$), perfectly counteracting the dimming effect of distance ($B imes 1/d^2$).

In a hypothetical infinite and static universe, while the apparent brightness ($B$) of an individual source dims according to the inverse-square law ($B imes 1/d^2$), the volume containing those sources increases with the cube of the distance ($V imes d^3$), meaning the number of stars ($N$) increases proportionally to $d^3$. Mathematically, these two effects cancel each other out, predicting that the sky brightness remains constant regardless of distance, leading directly to the paradox that the sky should blaze brightly.

How do the geometric considerations ($B 	imes N$) of an infinite, static universe resolve the paradox mathematically?

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