What was the primary engineering philosophy dictated by the environment of Venus?
Answer
Robustness and shielding
Due to the extreme heat (around 464°C) and immense pressure on Venus, the required engineering philosophy for success involved building heavily shielded landers capable of surviving for a short time.
Related Questions
Which two planets have hosted a successful, sustained surface presence of human-made probes?Which Soviet program achieved the first successful landing on another planet?What was the primary engineering philosophy dictated by the environment of Venus?Which American lander successfully touched down on Mars in 1976?What are the two main categories of robotic explorers that have landed on Mars?Why are controlled surface landings considered infeasible on planets like Jupiter?Which Venera mission provided the first color panoramic images from the Venusian surface?What was the purpose of the Galileo probe's descent into Jupiter's atmosphere?Which non-planetary body hosted the European Space Agency's Philae lander?If counting only *other* planets, how many have hosted a successful sustained probe landing?Which of the following missions provided the first black-and-white images from the Venusian surface?What characterized the engineering philosophy adopted for long-duration missions on Mars?