What primary composition distinguishes Comets from Rocky or Metallic Asteroids?
Ice, dust, and rock.
Asteroids and comets represent different remnants from the solar system's formation, differing significantly in material composition. Asteroids are fundamentally described as rocky or metallic bodies primarily orbiting within the main asteroid belt situated between Mars and Jupiter. Comets, conversely, originate from the frigid outer regions like the Oort Cloud or the Kuiper Belt, and are characterized by their composition often likened to 'dirty snowballs,' meaning they consist primarily of ice mixed with dust and rock. This difference in material dictates how they interact with the solar environment and Earth's atmosphere; for instance, the icier nature of comets makes them prone to vaporization or breakup earlier due to solar heating compared to denser asteroids.

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