What does the Roman numeral 'V' in the Sun's $ ext{G2V}$ classification signify?
Answer
Main Sequence (Hydrogen Fusing)
The Morgan-Keenan ($ ext{MK}$) system uses Roman numerals to denote the luminosity class, which indicates the evolutionary stage and size of the star. The designation 'V' is specifically assigned to main-sequence stars, which are those actively fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores. Stars remain in this stable state for roughly $90$ percent of their entire active lifetime, making it the most common phase observed.
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