What concept underpins the statistical argument made by astrophysicists for the likelihood of life elsewhere?

Answer

The sheer scale of the observable cosmos and countless exoplanets.

Astrophysicists base their belief in the probability of life existing elsewhere on the immense number of stars and exoplanets, which makes the idea that Earth is unique statistically improbable.

What concept underpins the statistical argument made by astrophysicists for the likelihood of life elsewhere?
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