Compared to chemical rockets, what is the typical thrust level of an ion thruster?
Answer
Very Low (Millinewtons)
A clear trade-off exists between chemical rockets and ion thrusters, particularly concerning thrust output. Chemical rockets generate thrust levels measured in Newtons or Kilonewtons, allowing them to rapidly overcome planetary gravity wells, but they have a low specific impulse (Isp). Conversely, ion thrusters produce a thrust level described as very low, specifically in the range of Millinewtons. This low thrust means ion engines cannot escape gravity wells but excel at maintaining a minute, ceaseless push over years, resulting in extremely high Isp (thousands of seconds).
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