Why did encounter theories fail to explain planet formation from ejected solar material?
Ejected material would likely dissipate into space due to high heat and velocity
Encounter theories, which posit that a passing star ripped material from the Sun, faced severe physical hurdles that the nebular model avoids. One significant issue concerns the state of the ejected material. Material pulled out of the Sun at such high velocities and temperatures would possess tremendous kinetic energy. This intense energy would prevent the dispersed solar material from cooling quickly enough or condensing into solid planetary bodies. Instead, this hot, rarefied gas would likely have expanded rapidly and dissipated into interstellar space before gravity could ever gather it into stable planetary masses, rendering planet formation via this mechanism extremely improbable.
